Mechanism of formation outer membrane vesicles of bacteria:A review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56714/bjrs.51.2.8Keywords:
Outer membrane, Vesicles, BiogenesisAbstract
Pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria secrete outer membrane vesicles (OMV) throughout normal growth. The formation of outer membrane vesicles is an important biological process. The vesicle membranes of bacteria are created when a little part of the membrane stands out from the envelope of the cell, then it is released. This review aimed to focus on OMV formation and its application as vaccines. This study focused on research related to the development of outer membrane vesicles and their use as vaccines. It depended on 13 studies and reviews (2010-2025).The studied databases comprised in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
Most studies showed that OMVs play vital roles in pathogenesis, stress response, and immunomodulation. Many factors for instance, temperature and exposure to toxic elements, need an adaptation for the cell of bacteria to survive in different circumstances. Inconclusion, according to the examined evidence, OMVs are multiple function nanostructures that serve purposes beside bacterial survival, encompassing immunological regulation, horizontal transfer of genes, and medicinal delivery. Future studies must emphasize standardized techniques for OMV separation, comprehensive compositional analysis, and clinical studies assessing the safety and immunogenicity in people
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